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Top Interview Question And Answers
1. What do GitHub and Git mean?
Git is a distributed version management system that is open-source and free. It was designed to handle projects of all sizes well.
To provide Internet hosting for version control and software development, GitHub makes use of Git. Along with other distinctive characteristics, it provides Git's distributed version control and source code management functions.
2. How do Git and GitHub vary from one another?
A version control system called Git is utilised to manage the history of the source code. The management of Git repositories is done through GitHub, a cloud-based hosting service. The purpose of GitHub is to facilitate better management of open-source projects.
3. A Git repository is what? List a few well-known Git hosting companies.
Repositories are collections of files that represent various iterations of a project. These files are imported from the repositories into the users' local servers for additional content updates and alterations.
Several well-known Git hosting services include:
GitHub
GitLab
Bitbucket
SourceForge
4. What does version control mean? Give examples of each.
Different project versions are created using a version control system (VCS), which is a piece of software used to keep them in a repository. The VCS tracks and records each change made to the code.
Version control system types:
- A database that stores all the file changes on discs that are under revision control in a particular format is a feature of local version control systems.
- Each user has their own working copy in centralised version control systems, which have a single repository.
- Multiple repositories are present in distributed version control systems, each of which is open to distinct users and contains its own working copy.
5. What benefits come with utilising GIT?
The following are a few of Git's most significant benefits:
- Data replication and redundancy are both feasible.
- It is a service with high availability.
- There can only be one Git directory per repository.
- Excellent network and disc performance are achieved.
- On every project, collaboration is quite simple.
- Within the Git system, we can work on any kind of project.
6. What dialect is GIT written in?
Git was developed using the computer language C, which guarantees that overheads are minimised.
7. What benefits does Git have over SVN?
Git is an open-source version control system that enables us to maintain several versions of our project. This allows us to see changes made to the code over time and, if necessary, to keep track of them. This entails that numerous developers can make their own modifications and upload them so that the modifications can be ascribed to specific developers.
8. Describe Git Bash.
A programme called Git Bash instals the frequently used Bash, Git, and a few other Bash utilities on a Windows operating system. Through various commands, Git elements and the repository can be interacted with in Git Bash.
9. What does "Index" or "Staging Area" signify in GIT?
In the intermediate section known as "Staging Area" or "Index," we can make changes to it, format it, and review it as we make the commits.
10. What does Git tagging mean?
Developers can identify each significant checkpoint along the way as their projects advance by using tags. While commits are checked out and pushed to a remote repository, tag names may be used in place of the commit IDs.
11. What does Git forking mean?
A fork is a replica of a repository. Therefore, forking enables experimentation with changes without concern for the original project. This method is excellent for suggesting modifications to other people's projects.
12. What is a use of a Git clone?
We can copy the current Git repository using the Git clone command. The best method for obtaining a duplicate of the central repository is by "cloning."
13. What purpose does "git config" serve?
An excellent method to set up our Git installation parameters is with the "Git config" command. We may define the repository behaviour, preferences, and user data with this command.
14. What steps must be taken to create a repository in Git?
The command "git init" must be executed if we wish to create a repository in Git. We can create a directory in the project directory using the.git repository command.
15. What is a cherry-pick in Git?
Git cherry-pick is a command that enables the addition of any arbitrary Git commits to the HEAD. Picking a commit from one branch and applying it to another is referred to as cherry-picking. It aids in reversing modifications.
16. What is the origin of Git?
Instead of using the URL of the original repository, the term "Origin" refers to the remote repository which a project was first cloned from. This makes reference simpler.
17. What does the command git push do?
When uploading files from a local repository to a remote repository, the git push command is used. Pushing can overwrite modifications, thus it should be done with caution.
18. What does the command git pull do?
A remote repository's content can be fetched, downloaded, and combined with a local repository using the git pull command.
19. What differentiates git fetch from git pull?
Git fetch pulls fresh data from an external repository, but it doesn't add it to our active files. It aids in determining whether any modifications were made to the remote repository. Nothing is altered or destroyed during the procedure.
On the other hand, when using git pull, the working copy files are immediately updated with the most recent modifications from the remote server and the HEAD. Git pull attempts to integrate remote changes with local modifications, which might result in merge conflicts.
20. What does git checkout do in Git?
Switching the HEAD is possible with Git checkout. It can also be used to retrieve older versions of files. Files commit, and branches are all things the command works with.
21. What is git rebase used for?
Rebasing is the process of applying commits again on top of an existing base trip. Different branches each apply a series of commits to create the final commit. It is an alternative to the git merge command and a linear merging process. Rebasing gives the impression that a branch was built from a different commit.
22. What distinguishes git merge from git rebase?
A feature branch gets merged into a master during git-rebase. Git merge keeps the history up to date by including a fresh commit.
23. What is revert in Git?
An undo procedure that moves forward is the git revert command. As opposed to erasing or orphaning commits in the commit history, it will produce a new commit that reverses the changes, making it a secure way to undo changes.
24. What makes resetting and reverting different from one another?
Git revert accomplishes this by creating new reverting commits while maintaining the original one, as opposed to git reset, which returns the branch's state to a previous one by erasing all states created after the desired commit.
25. What distinguishes "git remote" and "git clone" from one another?
In order to track a remote repository more thoroughly, Git remote adds a reference to it. Git clone creates a new remote repository by copying an existing one, as suggested by its name.
26. Describe the GIT stash.
Git stash will index the working directory in its current state and place it on the stack later, giving us a clean working directory.
This means that we can use the Git stash if we are in the middle of a task and need to have a clean working directory while also wanting to keep all of our recent edits.
27. What distinguishes a fork from a branch from a clone?
The original repository is copied during forking and is kept in the GitHub account. In contrast, cloning uses Git to copy the repository to the local workstation. To suggest modifications to the repository owners, utilise forking. If the user has to write access, cloning directly pushes the changes to the original repository. A branch is a place within a repository where work on the software can continue unaffected by changes made to the main project.
28. What distinguishes a git reflog from a log?
The commit history for a branch is documented in the git log for everyone to see. Reflog, on the other hand, is a private local commit for the repository.
The git log, in contrast to reflog, is replicated upon a push, fetch, or pull and is a component of the Git repository. Without having access to the computer hosting the local repository, a developer cannot view its reflog.
29. Describe the GIT stash drop.
Use the Git stash drop when we are finished working on the item we have stashed or wish to erase the list. This will guarantee that the most recent item added or any specific item can be removed from the argument.
30. How to tell whether a particular branch has been merged into a master?
All branches merged into master are displayed with the command "git branch -merged master".
The command "git branch - merged" displays all branches that have been merged into the head.
Git branch - no-merged -shows every unmerged branch.
31. Why is branching necessary in GIT?
We can have our own branch and can jump between different branches with the help of branching. We can return to our earlier efforts while preserving our current work.
32. What components does the commit object consist of?
A group of files represent the state of a project at any particular time.
references to parent object commits
An SHAI name is a 40-character string that specifically identifies the commit object.
33. How many HEADs can be made in a repository? What does HEAD in Git mean?
The HEAD is the identifier for a commit object. A "Master" is the default head for every repository. Several heads may exist in a repository.
34. What is the standard GIT branching procedure?
The ideal technique to make a branch in GIT is to first make a "main" branch and then a "changes" branch to carry out the desired changes. When many developers are engaged in a single project, this is incredibly helpful.
35. Give an example of how to make a new branch with Git.
The commands "git merge" and "git pull" can be used to add a new feature to the main branch.
36. How does Git define a "conflict"?
If we wish to merge a commit and there is a change in one place and the same change already exists, Git won't be able to determine which modification should be given priority when merging.
37. How can a conflict be settled in Git?
If we want to resolve a conflict in Git, we must first edit the files to make the incompatible changes, after which we may use "git add" to add the resolved files, and then "git commit" to make the repaired merge official.
What are Git's two primary functions?
Instead, Git manages and examines configuration and setup data for each site, each user, and each repository. Git manages the object store and the index as its two core data structures within a repository.Which tree in git is special?
There is a brand-new tree named Staging, as you can see above. why this is needed? This is one of the key distinctions between Git and other VCS; the Staging tree (also known as the Staging area) is where you prepare anything that you intend to commit.
What is origin in Git?
The term "origin" in Git refers to the remote repository from which a project was first cloned. More specifically, it is used in place of the URL for the original repository, which makes reference considerably simpler.
