There have been suggestions that the value of the gravitational constant G becomes smaller when considered over a very large time period in the future. If that happens for our earth, a) nothing will change b) we will become hotter after billions of years c) we will be going around but not strictly in closed orbits d) after a sufficiently long time we will leave the solar system
Correct options are C) and D) We know that gravitational force exists between the earth and the sun. FG = G(MS x me)/ r2 Where MS is mass of the sun and me is mass of the earth. This provides the necessary centripetal force for the circular orbit of the earth around the sun. As G decreases with time, the gravitational force FG will become weaker with time. As FG is changing with time due to it, the earth will be going around the sun not strictly in closed orbit and radius also increases, since the attraction force is getting weaker. Hence, after long time the earth will leave the solar system.
