Write any two ways by which apomictic seeds may be developed in angiosperms?
Parthenocarpy. In certain plants, the fruits are formed without the act of fertilisation. Such fruits are called parthenocarpic fruits and the phenomenon is known as parthenocarpy. Parthenocarpic fruits are either seedless or contain empty or non-viable seeds. In these fruits, the stimulus (seed factor) for fruit growth is provided by the tissue of the ovary wall itself. Seedless varieties of grapes and oranges contain those of the seeded varieties. Most commonly cultivated varieties of banana and pineapple are parthenocarpic. Polyembryony: Formation of more than one embryo in the seed. Onions, groundnuts, mangoes lemons and oranges are some of the examples. Polyembryony is very common among conifers.
