What constitutes the field of a magnet?
To understand what constitutes the field of a magnet, let us first understand how the field is generated in the magnet. The experiment related to producing magnetic fields was carried out by Danish physicist Oersted. He arranged a conductor wire parallel to the needle of a magnetic compass such that it lies below the conductor. He observed that when current was passed through the conductor wire, the magnetic needle of the compass got deflected and became perpendicular to the wire.Now, we know that a magnetic needle is deflected in the presence of the magnetic field, and hence a magnetic field should have been produced around the conductor wire when the current was passed through it, in Oersted's experiment. Hence, we can say that by passing electric current through a substance, a magnetic field can be produced around it.Now, we know that the flow of current is due to the flow of point charges known as electrons. Hence, we can deduce that the magnetic field is produced due to point charged electrons. Hence, electrons constitute the field of a magnet.
