31.The function of our visceral organs is controlled by A. Sympathetic and somatic neural system B. Sympathetic and para sympathetic neural system C. Central and somatic nervous system D. None of the above
Option B. The sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system are subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system controls the involuntary functions of internal organs such as heart rate, digestion, breathing, urination, etc. They affect the visceral organs in different ways. Activation of the sympathetic system prepares the body for intense physical activity in emergencies and stress. In this case, the heart rate increases, blood glucose level rises and blood is diverted to the skeletal muscles (away from the visceral organs and skin). The effects of parasympathetic nerve stimulation are opposite to the effects of sympathetic stimulation. Stimulation of parasympathetic nerves can result in a slowing of the heart, dilation of visceral blood vessels and an increased activity of the digestive tract.
