Digrammatically represent the experimental steps in cloning and expressing an human gene (say the gene for growth hormone) into a bacterium like E. coli ?
DNA cloning is a process in which the usage of the vector that carries specific foreign DNA fragments to the host cell. The experimental steps of cloning and transfer of the gene for growth hormone into E.coli is depicted in the following steps- Isolation of plasmid from E.coli.Isolation of gene encoding of growth hormone from Human cells.With the help of endonuclease restriction enzymes, plasmid DNA is cleaved and similarly, growth hormone DNA is also cleaved.Growth hormone DNA fragment is inserted into cleaved plasmid DNA by ligation of sticky ends by DNA ligase enzyme.This leads to formation of Recombinant DNAThis recombinant DNA is introduced into plasmid-free, competent, recipient E.coli by the process of transformation.Culturing and cloning of engineered bacteria is done.This leads to formation of clones of E.coli with a recombinant plasmid containing human growth gene. So human growth hormone is produced in bulk.
