The first chapter in History textbook is ‘The Rise of Nationalism in Europe’.
Frédéric Sorrieu, a French artist, in 1848 prepared a series of four prints visualising his dream of a world made up of democratic and Social Republics.
During the nineteenth century, nationalism emerged as a force which brought huge changes in the political and mental world of Europe. The end result of some changes was the emergence of the nation-state.
The topics discussed in this chapter are as follows:
Frédéric Sorrieu, a French artist, in 1848 prepared a series of four prints visualising his dream of a world made up of democratic and Social Republics.
During the nineteenth century, nationalism emerged as a force which brought huge changes in the political and mental world of Europe. The end result of some changes was the emergence of the nation-state.
The topics discussed in this chapter are as follows:
- The French Revolution and the Idea of the Nation
- The Making of Nationalism in Europe
- The Age of Revolutions: 1830-1848
- The Making of Germany and Italy
- Visualizing the Nation
- Nationalism and Imperialism
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Also Check
Chapter 2: Nationalism in India
Chapter 3: The Making of a Global World
Chapter 4: The Age of Industrialisation
Chapter 5: Print Culture and the Modern World
Check out Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) for Chapter 1: The Rise of Nationalism in Europe
What was the major change that occurred in the political and constitutional scenario due to the French Revolution in Europe?
It led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of French citizens. The revolution proclaimed that it was the people who would henceforth constitute the nation and shape its destiny.
What was the main aim of the French revolutionaries?
The main aim of the French revolutionaries was to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. They proclaimed that it was the people who would constitute the nation and shape its decisions.
Name the event that mobilised nationalist feelings among the educated elite across Europe in 1830-1848.
The Greek War of Independence in 1821.
Describe the events of French Revolution which had influenced the people belonging to other parts of Europe.
- The first clear-cut expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. In 1789, France was under the rule of an absolute monarch.
- When the revolutionaries came to power in France, they were determined to create a new sense of unity and nationhood. For this, they emphasized the concept of France being the father land (La Patrie) for all French people, who were from now on addressed as citizens (citoyen). They were given the tri-colour flag, the three colours representing liberty, equality and fraternity.
French revolutionaries introduced various other measures such as:
- The Estate General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly.
- New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation.
- A centralised administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory.
- Internal customs, duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted.
- Regional dialects were discouraged and French, as it was spoken and written in Paris, became the common language of the nation.
- They further declared that it was the mission and the destiny of the French nation to liberate the people of Europe from despotism and help them to become nations.
Explain any three beliefs of the conservatism that emerged after 1815.
Three beliefs of conservatism that emerged after 1815 were:
- Established and traditional institutions of state and society like monarchy, the Church, property and family should be preserved.
- They believed in the modernization of the traditional institution to strengthen them, rather than returning to the society of pre-revolutionary days.
- Also they believed that abolition of feudalism and serfdom and replacing it with a modern army, an efficient bureaucracy and a dynamic economy could strengthen autocratic monarchies of Europe.