Project Tiger was started in India in 1973. Because it is the largest Royal Bengal Tiger sanctuary in the world and is home to more than 70% of all tigers. India is a prime target for hunting and poaching because of the enormous quantity of tigers there. Project Tiger was started to stop these crimes and save the tigers. The campaign for tiger protection began with this effort, which was the first of its type in India. If you are preparing for competitive exams and looking for expert guidance, you can download our General Knowledge Free Ebook Download Now.
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History of Project Tiger
The Indian government, led by Indira Gandhi, initiated Project Tiger in 1973 from the Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand.
Goals of Project Tiger
- To determine the causes of the decline in tiger habitats
- To reduce the number of tigers through effective management techniques.
- To improve the state of natural ecosystems that have been harmed through time.
- To preserve an adequate tiger population in light of the animals' economic, ecological, and cultural importance.
Conservation Units under Project Tiger
Several conservation units are developed to assist Project Tiger with project management. The Conservation Units in India are shown in the list below.
- Conservation Units in the Eastern Ghats
- Conservation Units in the Western Ghats
- Conservation Units in Central India
- Conservation Units in the North-East
- Units for Sariska Conservation
- Conservation Units in Kaziranga
- Conservation Units in the Shivalik Terai
- Units for Sunderbans Conservation
Project Tiger's Primary Buffering Approach
- In order to regulate tiger density effectively, tiger reserves are created using a "core-buffer" concept.
- The core area of the reserve is a specific section of land that has been designated and signposted as such.
- The central areas have the legal status of a national park or wildlife sanctuary and are devoid of any human activity.
- The designated "buffer" areas surround the main areas.
- Wildlife does not regularly use these places.
- In buffer zones, specific human activity is allowed.
- The buffer zones serve two main functions: first, they provide additional habitat for wild animals from core areas, and second, they provide a source of income for the nearby villages.
Project Tiger: 10 of India's first Tiger Reserves
| Tiger Reserve | State | Year of Establishment |
| Corbett Tiger Reserve | Uttarakhand | 1973 |
| Bandipur Tiger Reserve | Karnataka | 1973 |
| Kanha Tiger Reserve | Madhya Pradesh | 1973 |
| Manas Tiger Reserve | Assam | 1973 |
| Sunderbans Tiger Reserve | West Bengal | 1973 |
| Melghat Tiger Reserve | Maharashtra | 1973 |
| Ranthambore Tiger Reserve | Rajasthan | 1973 |
| Palamau Tiger Reserve | Jharkhand | 1973 |
| Similipal Tiger Reserve | Odisha | 1973 |
| Periyar Tiger Reserve | Kerela | 1978 |
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