Describe the political condition of Europe in the mid-eighteenth century.
The political condition of Europe in the mid-eighteenth century was as mentioned below : (1) There were no nation states (2) Germany, Italy and Switzerland were divided into kingdoms, duchies and cantons whose rulers had their autonomous territories. (3) There were autocratic monarchies in Eastern and Central Europe. (4) People spoke different languages and belonged to different ethnic groups, For example, Habsburg Empire consisted of different regions and peoples. They did not share a collective identity or a common culture, It included German-speaking people of Bohemia as well as Italian-speaking people of Lombardy and Venetia. Half of the population of Hungary was Magyar, Such differences did not promote a sense of political unity. The only tie binding diverse groups together was a common allegiance to the emperor.
