How the French established their control over Vietnam ? What were its results ?
(1) The French established their control over Vietnam by their military power as mentioned below : French troops landed in Vietnam in 1858 and by the mid 1880s they had established a firm grip over the northern region. After the Franco-Chinese war the French assumed control of Tonkin and Anaam. In 1887, French Indo-China was formed. (2) Effects : There was conflict in all the spheres of life between the people of Vietnam and the French colonisers. French control was maintained through military and economic domination but they also tried to re-shape the culture of the Vietnamese. This led to the emergence of nationalism in Vietnam and the different sections of society fought against the French and their activities. As the French consolidated their position, the people in Vietnam began reflecting on the nature of the loss that Vietnam was suffering. This increased the nationalist resistance. The knitting together of a modern Vietnamese nation that brought the different communities together was in part the result of colonisation.
