How does insulin act on high glucose content in the blood in a normal human body ?
Insulin is a peptide hormone, which plays a major role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Insulin acts mainly on hepatocytes and adipocytes (cells of adipose tissue), and enhances cellular glucose uptake and utilisation. As a result, there is a rapid movement of glucose from blood to hepatocytes and adipocytes resulting in decreased blood glucose levels (hypoglycemia) • Insulin also stimulates conversion of glucose to glycogen (glycogenesis) in the target cells. • The glucose homeostatasis in blood is thus maintained jointly by the two enzyme insulin and glucagon.
