Give reason 2, 4-dinitro chlorobenzene is much more reactive than chlorobenzene towards hydrolysis reaction with NaOH.
On the benzene ring, the lone pair of electrons on chlorobenzene are delocalized. As a result, the C-Cl bond takes on a partial double bond appearance. As a result, the C-Cl bond in chlorobenzene is extremely strong and difficult to break. However, in the case of 2,4-dinitro chlorobenzene, the presence of NO2NO2 groups at ortho and para positions pulls electrons away from the benzene ring, making the nucleophile attack on para chlorobenzene easier. The resonance stabilizes the carbanion that results. In comparison to chlorobenzene, 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene is more reactive towards nucleophilic substitution processes.
