Write the pioneer species each of xerarch and Hydr-arch successions. Which type of climax community is attained by both these successions?
Pioneer species of xerarch succession: Wind-borne lichen propagules settle on wet rock soon after rain or heavy dew. Pioneer lichens are crustose lichens. Examples: Graphis, Rhizocarpon. Climax stages of xerarch succession: Trees growing in areas occupied by shrubs. Pioneer species of Hydr-arch succession: Phytoplankton examples are diatoms, green flagellates, single-celled or filamentous green algae as well as blue-green algae. Climax stages of hydra succession: Climax forest of trees
