Write the contributions of the following scientists in deciphering the genetic code: George Gamow; Hargobind Khorana; Marshall Nirenberg; Severo Ochoa.
Contributions of scientists: George Gamow: He suggested that in order to code for all the 20 Amino acids, the code should be made up of three nucleotides. He proved that the codon is a triplet. Hargobind Khorana: He provided experimental proof that genetic codon is always triplet. He was able to synthesize RNA molecules with a defined combination of bases (homopolymers and copolymers) Marshall Nirenberg: He prepared a cell-free system for protein synthesis and finally deciphered the genetic code. Severe Ochoa: He established that enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase was helpful in RNA synthesis with a defined sequence in a template-independent manner.
