13. Is Stress Largely A White Collar/managerial Problem?
Even in non-supervisory job grades, role conflict can exist. In a well conducted study of the impact of organizational climate and other occupational stressors on ‘withdrawal behaviours’ (absenteeism, leaving intentions and injuries) in 252 nurses Hemingway and Smith (1999) found role conflict was the best single predictor of turnover intentions, higher even than having to deal with death and dying of patients.
