Circumference Of A Circle (Perimeter) - Definition, Formula

Circle’s Circumference

Circumference of the circle or perimeter of the circle is the measurement of the boundary of the circle. Whereas the area of a cirlce defines the region occupied by it.  If we open a circle and make a straight line out of it, then its length is the circumference. It is usually measured in units, such as cm or unit m.

When we use the formula to calculate the circumference of the circle, then the radius of a circle is taken into account.

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Circumference of a Circle Formula

The Circumference (or) perimeter of circle = 2πR

where,

R is the radius of the circle

π is the mathematical constant with an approximate (up to two decimal points) value of 3.14

Again,

Pi (π) is a special mathematical constant; it is the ratio of circumference to diameter of any circle.

where C = π D

C is the circumference of the circle

D is the diameter of the circle

For example: If the radius of the circle is 4cm then find its circumference.

Given: Radius = 4cm

Circumference = 2πr

= 2 x 3.14 x 4

= 25.12 cm

 

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Area of a Circle Formula

Area of any circle is the region enclosed by the circle itself or the space covered by the circle. The formula to find the area of the circle is-

A = πr2

Where r is the radius of the circle, this formula is applicable to all the circles with different radii.
 

Perimeter of Semi-Circle

The semi-circle is formed when we divide the circle into two equal parts. Therefore, the perimeter of the semi-circle also becomes half.

Hence, Perimeter = πr +2r
 

Area of Semi-Circle

Area of the semi-circle is the region occupied by a semi-circle in a 2D plane. The area of the semi-circle is equal to half of the area of a circle, whose radii are equal.

Therefore, Area = πr2/2

Thus, we can define three different formulas to find the perimeter of circle (i.e. circumference of a circle).

 

Formula 1: When the radius of a circle is known.

Circumference of a circle = 2πr

Formula 2: When the diameter of a circle is known.

Circumference = πd

Formula 3: When the area of a circle is known, we can write the formula to find the perimeter of the circle as:

C = √(4πA)

Here,

C = Circumference of the circle

A = Area of the circle

 

Summary

You may also read-

• Perimeter of a rectangle
• Area of a square
• Area of a rectangle

Radius of a Circle

The distance from the centre to the outer line of the circle is called a radius. It is the most important quantity of the circle based on which formulas for the area and circumference of the circle are derived. Twice the radius of a circle is called the diameter of the circle. The diameter cuts the circle into two equal parts, which is called a semi-circle.
 

What is the Circumference of Circle?

The meaning of circumference is the distance around a circle or any curved geometrical shape. It is the one-dimensional linear measurement of the boundary across any two-dimensional circular surface. It follows the same principle behind finding the perimeter of any polygon, which is why calculating the circumference of a circle is also known as the perimeter of a circle.

A circle is defined as a shape with all the points are equidistant from a point at the centre. The circle depicted below has its centre lies at point A.

The value of pi is approximately 3.1415926535897… and we use a Greek letter π (pronounced as Pi) to describe this number. The value π is a non-terminating value.

In other words, the distance surrounding a circle is known as the circumference of the circle. The diameter is the distance across a circle through the centre, and it touches the two points of the circle perimeter. π shows the ratio of the perimeter of a circle to the diameter. Therefore, when you divide the circumference by the diameter for any circle, you obtain a value close enough to π. This relationship can be explained by the formula mentioned below.

C/d = π

Where C indicates circumference and d indicates diameter. A different way to put up this formula is C = π × d. This formula is mostly used when the diameter is mentioned, and the perimeter of a circle needs to be calculated.
 

Circumference to Diameter

We know that the diameter of a circle is twice the radius. The proportion between the circumference of a circle and its diameter is equal to the value of Pi(π). Hence, we say that this proportion is the definition of the constant π.

(i.e) C= 2πr

C= πd (As, d = 2r)

If we divide both sides by the diameter of the circle, we will get the value that is approximately close to the value of π.

Thus, C/d = π.



 

How to Find Circumference?

Method 1: Since it is a curved surface, we can’t physically measure the length of a circle using a scale or ruler. But this can be done for polygons like squares, triangles and rectangles. Instead, we can measure the circumference of a circle using a thread. Trace the path of the circle using the thread and mark the points on the thread. This length can be measured using a normal ruler.

Method 2: An accurate way of knowing the circumference of a circle is to calculate it. For this, the radius of the circle has to be known. The radius of a circle is the distance from the centre of the circle and any point on the circle itself. The figure below shows a circle with radius R and centre O. The diameter is twice the radius of the circle.

Solved Examples on Perimeter of Circle

Example 1: 

What is the circumference of the circle with diameter 4 cm?

Solution:

Since the diameter is known to us, we can calculate the radius of the circle,

Therefore, Circumference of the Circle = 2 x 3.14 x 2 = 12.56 cm.
 

Example 2:

Find the radius of the circle having C =  50 cm.

Solution: 

Circumference = 50 cm

As per formula,  C = 2 π  r

This implies, 50 = 2 π  r

50/2 = 2 π  r/2

25 = π  r

or r =  25/π 

Therefore, the radius of the circle is 25/π  cm.
 

Example 3:

Find the perimeter of circle whose radius is 3 cm?

Solution:

Given: Radius = 3 cm.

We know that the circumference or the perimeter of a circle is 2πr units.

Now, substitute the radius value in the formula, we get

C = (2)(22/7)(3)  cm

C = 18.857 cm

Therefore, the circumference of circle is 18.857 cm.

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