NCERT PDF | Geography | Class 12
Fundamentals of Human geography
Chapter: 3
Population composition
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NCERT Class 12 Geography Fundamentals of human geography Chapter: 3PDF
On this page, you can read or download Chapter 3 Population composition of the NCERT Book for Class 12 Geography. Students in Class 12 or preparing for any exam based on Class 12 Geography might use the NCERT Book to supplement their studies. When you don't have access to a physical copy, digital NCERT Books Class 12 Geography pdf are always useful.
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NCERT Class 12 Geography Fundamentals of human geography Chapter 3 : Population composition
About Chapter : 3 Population composition
Students in this chapter will learn about sex composition, age structure and literacy,
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Important Question from chapter 3 : Population composition
Important Question from chapter 3 : Population composition
Q-Discuss the factors responsible for imbalances in the sex-age found in different parts of the world and occupational structure.
A- With an emphasis on occupational structure, the following are the causes of sex-age imbalances that can be seen throughout the world:
The working population (those between the ages of 15 and 59) engages in a variety of vocations in the four economic sectors, including agriculture, forestry, fishing, manufacturing, construction, commercial transport, services, and communication.
The level of progress, particularly in terms of economic and social growth, is clearly indicated by the labour force. This is due to the fact that more workers in the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary sectors can only be accommodated in a developed economy with industries and infrastructure. The proportion of persons engaged in primary activities, which entail the extraction of natural resources, would be high if the economy were still in its infancy. Furthermore, a nation's age distribution also reflects its level of development. A high working population indicates a country's development, while a sizable dependant population of children and retired citizens indicates a load on the economy of the nation and slows down its growth.Increased female participation in the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary sectors is another important sign of a country's development.
Between established and developing nations, there are differences in the sex makeup of rural and urban communities. Due to security and employment availability, women leave rural areas in affluent nations like Western Europe and move to urban areas. Men tend to live in rural areas and manage farming tasks because farming there is largely mechanised. In contrast, a completely different picture can be seen in developing nations like India, where females tend to stay in rural areas and take care of farming while male family members move out to urban areas in search of employment opportunities due to a lack of security, housing, and other opportunities.
