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The C programming language offers syntax to create array and compound kinds as well as fundamental arithmetic types like integer and real number types. Headers for the C standard library contain definitions of support types that have extra attributes, such as providing storage with a precise size, independent of the language implementation on particular hardware systems. These definitions are to be utilised via include directives.Download these FREE Ebooks:
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Main Data Types in C
Every element in C does have a corresponding data type. Each data type has a different set of operations that may be performed on it as well as different memory needs. Let's quickly go through each one:Here are some examples of some of the most common data types used in C:
- Char is the most basic data type in C. It saves a single character and utilises a single byte of memory in almost all compilers.
- An integer is stored in an int variable, as its name indicates.
- Floating point numbers with decimal values are stored as only one floats.
- Double-precision decimal integers are stored inside it (numbers with floating point values).
| Data Type |
Memory (bytes) |
Range |
Format Specifier |
|---|---|---|---|
| short int |
2 |
-32,768 to 32,767 |
%hd |
| unsigned short int |
2 |
0 to 65,535 |
%hu |
| unsigned int |
4 |
0 to 4,294,967,295 |
%u |
| int |
4 |
-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 |
%d |
| long int |
4 |
-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 |
%ld |
| unsigned long int |
4 |
0 to 4,294,967,295 |
%lu |
| long long int |
8 |
-(2^63) to (2^63)-1 |
%lld |
| unsigned long long int |
8 |
0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615 |
%llu |
| signed char |
1 |
-128 to 127 |
%c |
| unsigned char |
1 |
0 to 255 |
%c |
| float |
4 |
%f |
|
| double |
8 |
%lf |
|
| long double |
16 |
%Lf |
For Example:
#include
int main()
{
int a = 1;
char b = 'G';
double c = 3.14;
printf("Hello World!\n");
// printing the variables defined
// above along with their sizes
printf("Hello! I am a character. My value is %c and "
"my size is %lu byte.\n",
b, sizeof(char));
// can use sizeof(b) above as well
printf("Hello! I am an integer. My value is %d and "
"my size is %lu bytes.\n",
a, sizeof(int));
// can use sizeof(a) above as well
printf("Hello! I am a double floating point variable."
" My value is %lf and my size is %lu bytes.\n",
c, sizeof(double));
// can use sizeof(c) above as well
printf("Bye! Take care. :)\n");
return 0;
}
Output:
