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To understand the key differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, keep reading further. You may also read Most Important List of Lists for Government Exams.Also Read:
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What are Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells?
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What are Prokaryotes?
What are Eukaryotes?
Difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotes | Eukaryotes | |
Type of Cell | Always unicellular | Unicellular and multi-cellular |
Cell size | Ranges in size from 0.2 μm – 2.0 μm in diameter | Size ranges from 10 μm – 100 μm in diameter |
Cell wall | Usually present; chemically complex in nature | When present, chemically simple in nature |
Nucleus | Absent. Instead, they have a nucleoid region in the cell | Present |
Ribosomes | Present. Smaller in size and spherical in shape | Present. Comparatively larger in size and linear in shape |
DNA arrangement | Circular | Linear |
Mitochondria | Absent | Present |
Cytoplasm | Present, but cell organelles absent | Present, cell organelles present |
Endoplasmic reticulum | Absent | Present |
Plasmids | Present | Very rarely found in eukaryotes |
Ribosome | Small ribosomes | Large ribosomes |
Lysosome | Lysosomes and centrosomes are absent | Lysosomes and centrosomes are present |
Cell division | Through binary fission | Through mitosis |
Flagella | The flagella are smaller in size | The flagella are larger in size |
Reproduction | Asexual | Both asexual and sexual |
Example | Bacteria and Archaea | Plant and Animal cell |
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Understanding Cells and Cell Membranes
Individual cell functions are kept neat and compartmentalized by cells so that they do not interfere with one another and the cell may go about its task of metabolizing, reproducing, and so on. To do this, cell components are encased in a membrane that acts as a barrier between the outside world and the chemistry of the cell.
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Do prokaryotes have mitochondria?
What are the Examples of prokaryotes?
What are the Key similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
- DNA
- Plasma membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Ribosomes